Geothermal energy, a clean and renewable power source, has the potential to transform Dominica’s energy landscape. Unlike wind and solar, geothermal energy provides stable energy day and night and does not require any surface land, preserving the natural beauty of the Roseau Valley.
Most small island developing states (SIDS) rely heavily on imported fossil fuels for electricity and transportation, putting a strain on their resources and energy security. However, Dominica has a powerful geothermal resource located beneath the Roseau Valley, a popular tourist destination just a short drive from the capital city. This clean and renewable energy source has the potential to not only meet the country’s energy needs, but also allow for the sale of excess electricity to neighboring islands.
To harness this energy, pipes are drilled deep underground until they reach a “geothermal reservoir” where water is heated by the Earth’s subterranean heat to around 250° Celsius. Due to Dominica’s location atop a volcanic ridge, this heat source is relatively close to the surface. The high pressure of the heated water is then used to drive turbines, producing electricity. According to Fred John, head of the government-owned Dominica Geothermal Development Corporation, the technology used is both environmentally friendly and top-of-the-line.
The government of Dominica has recognized the potential of geothermal energy for decades and has been actively pursuing its development. However, it wasn’t until recently that funding was secured to drill test wells and confirm the commercial viability of the project. With support from various sources, including international organizations and governments, the government is confident that geothermal energy will be powering the island within the next two years.
Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Business, Trade and Energy, Vince Henderson, emphasizes the importance of upfront investment from the international community in order for small island states to develop geothermal energy. He believes that this project has the potential to not only provide cheaper electricity for all residents, but also bring in revenue for the country and boost the entire island’s economy.